cara kerja DHCP

Cara Kerja

Karena DHCP merupakan sebuah protokol yang menggunakan arsitektur client/server, maka dalam DHCP terdapat dua pihak yang terlibat, yakni DHCP Server dan DHCP Client.

• DHCP server merupakan sebuah mesin yang menjalankan layanan yang dapat “menyewakan” alamat IP dan informasi TCP/IP lainnya kepada semua klien yang memintanya. Beberapa sistem operasi jaringan seperti Windows NT Server, Windows 2000 Server, Windows Server 2003, atau GNU/Linux memiliki layanan seperti ini.
• DHCP client merupakan mesin klien yang menjalankan perangkat lunak klien DHCP yang memungkinkan mereka untuk dapat berkomunikasi dengan DHCP Server. Sebagian besar sistem operasi klien jaringan (Windows NT Workstation, Windows 2000 Professional, Windows XP, Windows Vista, atau GNU/Linux) memiliki perangkat lunak seperti ini.

DHCP server umumnya memiliki sekumpulan alamat yang diizinkan untuk didistribusikan kepada klien, yang disebut sebagai DHCP Pool. Setiap klien kemudian akan menyewa alamat IP dari DHCP Pool ini untuk waktu yang ditentukan oleh DHCP, biasanya hingga beberapa hari. Manakala waktu penyewaan alamat IP tersebut habis masanya, klien akan meminta kepada server untuk memberikan alamat IP yang baru atau memperpanjangnya.

DHCP Client akan mencoba untuk mendapatkan “penyewaan” alamat IP dari sebuah DHCP server dalam proses empat langkah berikut:

1. DHCPDISCOVER: DHCP client akan menyebarkan request secara broadcast untuk mencari DHCP Server yang aktif.
2. DHCPOFFER: Setelah DHCP Server mendengar broadcast dari DHCP Client, DHCP server kemudian menawarkan sebuah alamat kepada DHCP client.
3. DHCPREQUEST: Client meminta DCHP server untuk menyewakan alamat IP dari salah satu alamat yang tersedia dalam DHCP Pool pada DHCP Server yang bersangkutan.
4. DHCPACK: DHCP server akan merespons permintaan dari klien dengan mengirimkan paket acknowledgment. Kemudian, DHCP Server akan menetapkan sebuah alamat (dan konfigurasi TCP/IP lainnya) kepada klien, dan memperbarui basis data database miliknya. Klien selanjutnya akan memulai proses binding dengan tumpukan protokol TCP/IP dan karena telah memiliki alamat IP, klien pun dapat memulai komunikasi jaringan.

Empat tahap di atas hanya berlaku bagi klien yang belum memiliki alamat. Untuk klien yang sebelumnya pernah meminta alamat kepada DHCP server yang sama, hanya tahap 3 dan tahap 4 yang dilakukan, yakni tahap pembaruan alamat (address renewal), yang jelas lebih cepat prosesnya.

Berbeda dengan sistem DNS yang terdistribusi, DHCP bersifat stand-alone, sehingga jika dalam sebuah jaringan terdapat beberapa DHCP server, basis data alamat IP dalam sebuah DHCP Server tidak akan direplikasi ke DHCP server lainnya. Hal ini dapat menjadi masalah jika konfigurasi antara dua DHCP server tersebut berbenturan, karena protokol IP tidak mengizinkan dua host memiliki alamat yang sama.

Selain dapat menyediakan alamat dinamis kepada klien, DHCP Server juga dapat menetapkan sebuah alamat statik kepada klien, sehingga alamat klien akan tetap dari waktu ke waktu.

Catatan: DHCP server harus memiliki alamat IP yang statis.

DHCP Scope

DHCP Scope adalah alamat-alamat IP yang dapat disewakan kepada DHCP client. Ini juga dapat dikonfigurasikan oleh seorang administrator dengan menggunakan peralatan konfigurasi DHCP server. Biasanya, sebuah alamat IP disewakan dalam jangka waktu tertentu, yang disebut sebagai DHCP Lease, yang umumnya bernilai tiga hari. Informasi mengenai DHCP Scope dan alamat IP yang telah disewakan kemudian disimpan di dalam basis data DHCP dalam DHCP server. Nilai alamat-alamat IP yang dapat disewakan harus diambil dari DHCP Pool yang tersedia yang dialokasikan dalam jaringan. Kesalahan yang sering terjadi dalam konfigurasi DHCP Server adalah kesalahan dalam konfigurasi DHCP Scope.

DHCP Lease

DHCP Lease adalah batas waktu penyewaan alamat IP yang diberikan kepada DHCP client oleh DHCP Server. Umumnya, hal ini dapat dikonfigurasikan sedemikian rupa oleh seorang administrator dengan menggunakan beberapa peralatan konfigurasi (dalam Windows NT Server dapat menggunakan DHCP Manager atau dalam Windows 2000 ke atas dapat menggunakan Microsoft Management Console [MMC]). DHCP Lease juga sering disebut sebagai Reservation.

DHCP Options

DHCP Options adalah tambahan pengaturan alamat IP yang diberikan oleh DHCP ke DHCP client. Ketika sebuah klien meminta alamat IP kepada server, server akan memberikan paling tidak sebuah alamat IP dan alamat subnet jaringan. DHCP server juga dapat dikonfigurasikan sedemikian rupa agar memberikan tambahan informasi kepada klien, yang tentunya dapat dilakukan oleh seorang administrator. DHCP Options ini dapat diaplikasikan kepada semua klien, DHCP Scope tertentu, atau kepada sebuah host tertentu dalam jaringan.

Dalam jaringan berbasis Windows NT, terdapat beberapa DHCP Option yang sering digunakan, yang dapat disusun dalam tabel berikut.

BENEFITS OF GREEN COCONUT

One product of the coconut is the water, apparently in the solution, this coconut juice has properties and exceptional nutritional value. Not only the macro elements of nitrogen and carbon, but also the micro elements that are needed by the body in coconut milk. The element nitrogen inside a protein molecule composed of amino acids, such as alanine, cystine, arginine, alin, and serine.

Compared amino acid contained in cow's milk, amino acids contained in coconut water was higher. While the element carbon can be found in the form of simple carbohydrates such as glucose, sucrose, fructose, sorbitol, inositol, and others. Similarly, micro-nutrients in the form of coconut water mineral ions needed as a substitute for the body. Worthy indeed, when the young coconut drink our body feel fresh again.

When examined further, coconut water was also concentrated sources of vitamins. Among these are the dominant vitamin C, nicotinic acid, folic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, and riboflavin. No wonder the coconut water is also used as ingredients in traditional beauty treatments.

In addition, in particular, coconut water is rich in potassium (potash). Besides minerals, coconut water also contains sugar (varying between 1.7 to 2.6 percent) and protein (0.07 to 0.55 per cent). Because the nutrient composition as such, then the coconut water has the potential to be used as raw materials for food products.

In the Philippines, coconut water is used for the manufacture of beverages, jelly, alcohol, dektran, vinegar, and nata de coco. In Indonesia, used as a drink of coconut water (coconut water) and the media making nata de coco.

What are the benefits of coconut water?:

a. Coconut water is efficacious as a diuretic, which is to expedite expenditure of urine. Young coconut water mixed with a little lemon juice beneficial to treat dehydration, as well as to combat the disorder in the stomach worm small children.

b. If coconut water mixed with milk is very good for the child's diet. A mixture of coconut water that have properties to prevent the clotting of milk in the stomach, vomiting, constipation, and gastrointestinal illness.

c. Coconut water also has a variety of properties as a drug. Among other things, drinking coconut water can also help overcome the toxic effects of sulfa drugs and other antibiotics, making the drugs more quickly absorbed the blood.

d. Wash your face with coconut water continuously each day to cure or eliminate acne, dark spots, wrinkles on the face that came early, dry skin, and face a visible glow.

e. Mix coconut milk with a little honey. This is a tonic herb that cheap but nutritious. This herb stimulates the body's sexual centers and eliminate the harmful effects of excess sexual desire.

f. Stubborn acne can be treated with a mixture of 25 grams of saffron pasta with a glass of coconut water, then left for the night, then add 3 teaspoons of red sandalwood powder. Stir, stir all ingredients until smooth, then saved again undisturbed for 3 days. Strain ingredient with three layers of gauze. Save the juice was in the bottle, and apply on your face twice a day until the acne disappears.

g. Coconut water is also efficacious as a cure wounds, broken foot, and eczema. Relatively easy to make a potion. Soak a handful of rice in coconut water with its shell until the rice turns sour because of fermentation, then rice ground into fine powder. Rice flour is used topically every day for 3-4 days in the sick body.

h. If coconut water mixed with a pinch of turmeric powder and water whiting in equal measure is the burn treatment and eliminate the heat on your feet and hands.

Green coconut is one of the types of various species of the palm tree. Physically it is very difficult to distinguish where the green and the green coconut. But, after the split, the new difference is seen. Coconut green when peeled, red fiber. Rada water taste bitter, not like a fresh green coconut though it is not mixed with sugar.

Green coconut is suspected is the best medicine for several diseases such as: heartburn, constipation, neutralizing toxins, dengue fever, intestinal worms, dysentery. When used for washing face, then the benefits of green coconut can eliminate acne, smoothes the face skin, tightens the skin (anti aging) and when used to wash, can prevent the onset of gray hair.

In addition, green coconut can also be used as therapeutic gurah, how to condense a prophecy green coconut water, then drink the next morning. When this is done every morning, God willing, the sound will be long and sweet.
SOURCE rahasiakeluarga.com
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he source of the www busanamuslimgrosir com

MOTHER prayer for her son

Ya Ghaffar, ya Rahim
You put it in the womb of our children
You're self-mandated themselves to the protection of our affection
You entrust their souls to the spiritual guidance of our
You warm up their bodies with the arms of our love
You exaggerate their bodies with a stream of milk we



Our Lord, we have wasted thy trust
activity has caused us to forget the mandate of your
passions have been dragging us to abandon our baby
we could not move their lips for the remembrance of Thee
we had not guided them to raise thy asthma
we could not bear in their hearts the love of Thy Prophet

We raced the pursuit of status and pride
leave our children in the emptiness and loneliness
We polish our faces with falsehood
let our children struggling in silence
We pursue pleasures lulled
so that we no longer hear them crying spoiled
looking at us with a look of love
as before, when they dried their tears
in the warmth of our chest chest

Our sins have made our children
be tempered, dissidents, and opponents of thy
Our sins have made their hearts
loud, rude, cruel, and ungrateful
Before You forgive them, God forgive the sins of the first we

O God, give us the opportunity to embrace their bodies
with the arms of our love
Give us time to sing in their ears
passages from the Koran and the Sunnah of the Prophet Mu-

Give us the opportunity for frequent face-Mu
and appeal to you after our prayers
for safety, prosperity, and happiness of our children

Wake us up at night to moan to you
pain complaints and the disaster that befell the children of this country.
Let us bow our wet the
with tears of remorse we will neglect

Ya Allah, ya Jabbar, O Ghaffar
Bestowed upon us by our leaders wisdom
to educate the children of this country in
Give them instructions piety of thy
so that they become role models for us and our children
Bestowed upon them thy protection
that they may protect us by thy justice
Keep them from the tyranny
so that we may serve Thee with a peaceful and safe

Ya Rahman, ya Rahim
Heed our lives with our children's piety
Nurture our children are small
Strengthen our children are weak
Purify their hearts
Clean their honor
Sehatkan their bodies
Their sense Cerdaskan
Heed their moral
Combine them with those who fear Thee
who love Thy Prophet, the holy family, and a noble friend
devoted to her parents that are beneficial to the nation
are submissive to men

O agents that his name be healers
the designation of his healing
the sufficiency of His obedience
We care about the capital only hope
and the gun just crying
Hopefully it could be food for thought for all.


source www busanamuslimgrosir com

of a leaf as regards the merits

You just better know * * * * benefits of a leaf as regards the benefit of a leaf as regards that has many appendages we know is as seasoning for flavoring in cookery . However , whether you already know about the benefits of a leaf as regards that can be used to remedy ? Yes , the leaves from plants by its latin name syzygium polyanthum this is indeed can be used to make a natural and curing all kinds of disease . In general , it is characteristic of plants having tree with high , which could reach up to 25 meters , leaved luxuriance , and have a taproot . A leaf as regards having helaian with an oblong form to an ellipse with tapered ends . In addition to the benefit of a leaf as regards mostly used as seasoning the kitchen , the bark of the tree can be used for wickerwork bamboo and coloring material mesh . The benefits of a leaf as regards to drug natural among other diseases could treat diabetes , piddle sweet , an ulcer ( gastritis ) , high blood pressure ( hypertension ) , uric acid , to degrade kolessor

source : www.busanamuslimgrosir.com

The LOVE of a HUSBAND and wife

The LOVE of a HUSBAND and wife pair of husband-wife pair of husbands, There where the wife is a very very beautiful lady without the slightest defect and her husband are very loving, so does his wife. On that day, being rampant spread of skin diseases which consequently ruining the beauty of the skin and the wife felt her contracting her face began to crumble had succumbed to the disease at that time the husband was outside and the blm know that his wife he had a skin disease tsb. On the way home, the husband had an accident-husband became blind as a result. Day by day .... the wife wrote in the beginning turns into a female APSARA who is very ugly and eerie but the husband couldnt see and then life goes on as usual dg affectionate and love as their early marriage. & amp; amp; # 914; erjalan 40th the wife and the husband died very sad & amp; feel lost. tomb the husband the last person who came out of the Department conducts seminars

a source : a source ekoalan.com and busanamuslim.com

if I fall in love

Ya Allah ....,

If I fell in love ....,

love me to someone who harbors a love for you ...

In order to increase my strength ... to love you ....


Muhaimin .... Yes,

If I fell in love ....,

Let me touch the heart ....
A person whose heart is linked to You ....

in order not to fall in the abyss of love lust me ...


Yes Rabbana ...,

If I fell in love ...,

Take care not to turn her heart rather than your heart ..

O Lord of Izzati ....,

If I miss .....,

miss me to someone who miss martyrdom in Your way ...


Ya Allah .....,

If I love your lover ... enjoy,

Do not exceed the enjoyment of pleasure in the beauty commune with god last third of the night ..


Ya Allah ....,

If I fell in love with your boyfriend ....,

Do not let me stumbled and fell in a long journey of human calling to you ...


Oh God ...,

If you kosher I miss lover ....,

Do not let me go beyond the limits ....

So forget I'm in real love and eternal longing only to you. Amin .

meet angels of heaven

Some people tried to buy the Angels by reading the Quran till finish (not just) thirty times. later, in one night before they were perfected and repeat the readings they asleep, in his sleep they dream of seeing Angels said to them. Do you want to applied are both your eyes dormant desire. are both eyes dormant desire. Sleep of those who want me was a ban. because are absolutely we created for each person who is praying a lot and add to it by fasting.

Source: meeting in heaven